[3] From 2004 to 2008, he also practiced federal civil litigation as a senior counsel at the United States Securities and Exchange Commission.

From 2008 to 2019, Harjani was an assistant U.S. attorney, serving as the deputy chief of the securities and commodities fraud section.

[4] From 2019 to 2024, he served as a United States magistrate judge of the Northern District of Illinois.

[3] On February 1, 2024, President Biden nominated Harjani to a seat vacated by Judge Thomas M. Durkin, who assumed senior status on December 26, 2023.

[7][8] On March 12, 2024, the United States Senate invoked cloture on his nomination by a 52–44 vote.