The Supreme Court of the Republic of China was originally established as the Ta Li Yuan[1] (Chinese: 大理院; pinyin: Dàlǐ Yuàn) in 1909.

Shortly after in August 1949, the Court was moved to Taipei, Taiwan, where the Kuomintang government retreated after the Chinese Civil War.

Typically there would be no hearings due to the fact that the Court does not deal with evidence related procedures such as cross-examination, but may still be convened if deemed necessary such as debates in law or psychological evaluation of the defendant for potential death sentence.

If the chamber finds the case to be in violation of the law, the case would be reversed, and remanded to an inferior court if flaws exist in evidence acquisition or interpretation, or resentenced if the violation is simply a legal procedure error and there are no controversies upon the facts and evidence.

The Chief Justice is in charge of the administrative affairs of the entire court and also performs regular judge duty.