[2][3] The Śūrasena state was located on the Yamunā river, and its capital was the city of Mathurā.

[6] The Mahabharata and the Puranas refer to the rulers of the Mathura region as the Yadus or Yadavas, divided into a number of septs, which include the Vrishnis.

[7][8] The Buddhist texts refer to Avantiputta, the king of the Surasenas in the time of Maha Kachchana, one of the chief disciples of Gautama Buddha, who spread Buddhism in the Mathura region.

[7] Its capital, Mathura, was situated on the bank of the river Yamuna, presently a sacred place for the Hindus.

[3] Archaeological excavations at Mathura show the gradual growth of a village into an important city.