[2] The position was formally established on 1 October 1943[3] and he was head of the Swedish Army Medical Corps.
The duties of the Surgeon-in-Chief were — with some exceptions — of a dual nature and included both a position as a service branch inspector and command of the appropriate administrative corps.
For the Surgeon-in-Chief of the Swedish Army, in addition to the tasks just mentioned, he was head of the Army Inspectorate's (Arméinspektionen) Medical Department.
As head of the Army Inspectorate's Medical Department, the Surgeon-in-Chief had to prepare matters concerning such training of personnel intended for health care, which was not military training; to inspect said training; to submit to the Inspector of the Swedish Army Service Troops in respect of military logistics, ordnance and quartermaster troops and to the army inspector in respect of other types of troops proposals for the measures which, with regard to vocational training, etc., are called for; and to keep special registers of certain personnel in accordance with what is specifically stipulated.
[3] From 1 July 1969, the Surgeon-in-Chief of the Swedish Army was part of the Medical Board of the Swedish Armed Forces as head of the Medical Corps Office (Medicinalkårsexpeditionen).