Susquehanna Township has the postal ZIP codes 17109 and 17110, which maintain the Harrisburg place name designation.

Susquehanna Township is located adjacent to the city of Harrisburg in Dauphin County.

[5] The spelling "Paxtang" is from the original Indian name Peshtank, which meant "standing water" and further morphed into "Paxton."

The first settlement where Susquehanna Township now lies was known as "Coxestown" and was laid out by Dr. John Cox Jr. of Philadelphia on October 2, 1757.

On January 2, 1952, Susquehanna became a First Class township via the Dauphin County Court.

In September 1955, Charles S. Hill was sworn in as the first police officer, and he used his own car for patrol duty.