Sydney Wentworth Patterson MB BS, MD, DSc, FRCP (born 1882 in Melbourne, Australia, died 1960 in London, England) was a physician, medical researcher and first director of the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research in Melbourne, Australia.

During this time he continued to undertake medical research, publishing a description of the bacteria associated with certain cases of fever in servicemen.

This included his appointment as a physician at the hospital and the involvement of many clinicians in medical research, often on a voluntary or part-time basis.

[6][7] When announcing Patterson's departure in 1923, The Argus newspaper described the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute as a national leader in the diagnosis of infectious diseases and cancer.

In 1958 Patterson retired from Ruthin Castle and returned to laboratory research into wound healing at University College London, until his death in 1960.