Originally named "Sylhet Medical College", it was renamed in 1986 in the honour of General Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani, commander-in-chief of Bangladesh Army during the Bangladesh War of Independence of 1971.

The college is affiliated with Sylhet Medical University[citation needed] The college and hospital extends over an area of 206,355 square metres (51.0 acres) divided by newer and older construction.

There are ten hostels (six male, four female) for student housing.

[citation needed] Sylhet MAG Osmani Medical College offers undergraduate and graduate level courses in a variety of medical specializations.

All the courses are certified by the Shahjalal University of Science and Technology[citation needed] are recognized by the Bangladesh Medical and Dental Council.