Szpilki

It was established in 1936 by a group of lettered leftists, including Eryk Lipiński, Zenon Wasilewski [pl], and Zbigniew Mitzner [pl] (chief editor).

[2][3] Its motto was Prawdziwa cnota krytyk się nie boi (True virtue is not afraid of criticism),[3] a quote from Ignacy Krasicki's mock-heroic poem Monachomachia, or War of Monks [pl].

From 1990 the magazine experienced difficulties, and after several attempts of reanimation it was closed in 1994.

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