Taif was taken by the Sharifian Army in September 1916, during the Arab Revolt, and later incorporated into the Hashemite Kingdom of Hejaz.

Tensions arose between Ibn Saud—then Emir of Nejd and Hasa—and Hejazi King Hussein bin Ali, with the situation escalating into violence in 1918.

The city was supposed to have been defended by the king's son, Ali bin Hussein, but he fled in panic with his troops.

Following the fall of Taif, the Ikhwan moved to conquer Mecca, Medina, and eventually Jeddah, which fell in December 1925, completing the conquest of Hejaz.

Ibn Saud was officially crowned as the new King of Hejaz in 1926, and subsequently declared its unification with Nejd as the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in 1932.