The shirts can be grouped to four types which differ in style and the symbols used: an Ottoman, a Safavid, a Mughal and a West African one.
[1] The earliest surviving examples were made approximately in 15th century,[1] though the tradition of talismanic shirts might be much older.
In Surah Yusuf of the Quran, a shirt of the prophet Joseph is described as giving him protection and even miracle-working.
The shirts may be inscribed with verses from Quran, names of Allah and of prophets and with numbers.
[2] Although talismanic shirts can be worn to protect against many evils most of them seem to be intended as a shield in battle.