The air base is adjacent to Hellenic Aerospace Industry facilities.

It is used as the home-base of the 114th Combat Wing (114 Πτέρυγα Μάχης, 114 ΠΜ) of the Hellenic Air Force.

From World War II until the early 1950s, Tanagra Air Base was used as a complementary airfield.

Starting in 2007, newly acquired Dassault Mirage 2000-5 are operated by the 331st All Weather Squadron.

Since 2017, Tanagra Air Base has been the venue of the annual Athens Flying Week airshow, held in September each year.