Tang Caichang (Chinese: 唐才常; pinyin: Táng Cáicháng; 1867 – 22 August 1900) was a late Qing dynasty revolutionary and political activist.

Tang was chosen by Kang Youwei to lead an uprising in Hankou, however he and thirty others were arrested by Qing forces before it ever began on August 21, 1900.

By order of Zhang Zhidong, then Viceroy of Huguang, he was beheaded the following day in Wuchang.

Tang was one of the chief proponents of the Social Darwinist-rooted ideas of race in contemporary China.

[1] He postulated that humankind was divided into the four main races: yellow, white, red, and black.