Divergence between these genus likely occurred in the Sundaland region (possibly India) before Polypedates dispersed in a northerly fashion.

[3] Taruga eques can be differentiated from other Polypedates species by the presence of a calcar on the heel.

In the mid afternoon, Taruga eques will often begin emerging and vocalize until approximately midnight when observed.

The mating pair will climb shrubbery or trees overhanging bodies of water.

The female secretes a mucus into the tree or shrub that she will kick with her hind legs until it forms a thick, white foam, and the male simultaneously fertilizes the eggs.

The outermost layer of the foam nest dries quickly after being laid to provide additional protection.

[4] Taruga eques inhabits montane tropical moist forests in the central hills of Sri Lanka at elevations of 1,200–2,135 m (3,937–7,005 ft) above sea level.

It is both arboreal and terrestrial, being found in canopies and on tree trunks as well as in grasses at the edge of ponds.

[1] While it is commonly found in Sri Lanka, it is classified as endangered by the IUCN due to habitat loss.

Decreases in rainfall due to climate change, subcutaneous parasitic infections, and forest dieback have also been identified as possible threats to the species.