Tell Uqair (Tell 'Uquair, Tell Aqair) is a tell or settlement mound northeast of ancient Babylon, about 25 kilometers north-northeast of the ancient city of Kish, just north of Kutha, and about 50 miles (80 km) south of Baghdad in modern Babil Governorate, Iraq.

[1] A number of beveled rim bowls, characteristic of the Uruk period, were found in the temple precincts.

[2] The site of Tell Uqair was excavated, consisting of several soundings, during World War II, in 1941 and 1942, by an Iraqi Directorate General of Antiquities team led by Seton Lloyd, with Taha Baqir and Fuad Safar.

[6][7] A sounding was done on Mound B, adjacent to the 1940 excavations pit, by a team from the Heidelberg University directed by Dr. M. Müller-Karpe in October 1978.

Work focused on Early Dynastic I/II houses which were cut by ED III graves.

It has been proposed that this site was part of a group providing ritual products to Inana at Uruk.

Some Early Dynastic graves and a scattering of Akkadian and Babylonian artifacts indicate the location continued in limited use up through the time of Nebuchadnezzar.

A small adjacent Jemdet Nasr temple was of somewhat later construction and contained large amounts of pottery from that period.

[17] Because of clay tablets found at the site and its areal location, Tell Uqair has been proposed as the ancient town of Urum.

[21][22] At that time Urum and TiWA/Tiwe, which was known as one of the polities that joined the great rebellion against Naram-Sin of Akkad (c. 2254–2218 BC), made up adjacent Ur III provinces.

[27] Tulid-Šamši (Šamaš-gave-(me-)birth) was an en-priestess of Nanna at Urum during the reign of Ur III ruler Shu-Sin (c. 2037–2028 BC), known from seals of two servants.

[31] A text from the reign of Ibbi-Sin (c. 2028–2004 BC) mentions "when the en of Nanna of Urum was installed" (u4 en-dnanna ÚRxÚ.KI-ka ba-hun-gá).