The Temple Challenge Cup is one of the eights races at Henley Royal Regatta at Henley-on-Thames on the River Thames in England.

[1] There are restrictions on individual rowers to ensure that the faster crews row in the Ladies' Challenge Plate.

A rower cannot take part in this race if he has previously won an event at Henley, except The Thames, The Wyfold, The Britannia, The Prince Albert, The Princess Elizabeth, or The Fawley Challenge Cups.

Since 2000, foreign crews have dominated the event winning 14 times in 18 years with 10 of the winners hailing from the United States.

Only Oxford Brookes University Boat Club have broken the foreign stranglehold on the trophy, winning the event a record seven times in 2006, 2014, 2016, 2017, 2019, 2022 and 2023.