[1] Following the rise of Mussolini and the Fascists, Noce left the Socialists, becoming a founding member of the Italian Communist Party (PCI) in 1921.

As editor of Il Grido del Popolo, Noce called for improved labor conditions for the working class and for abolition the Special Tribunals used to imprison anti-Fascists.

After France surrendered to Nazi Germany in 1940, Noce remained there, organizing cells among the Italian exile community in Paris.

[1] That year, she conceived the treni della felicità initiative, whereby 70,000 impoverished children were transported to northern Italy to be hosted by families that could support them.

She was then elected to the Italian Parliament and was appointed general secretary of the textile workers union, where she founded the publication La voce dei tessili.

They secured victory in 1950 with a law protecting working mothers, providing for children of infants and giving five months of paid leave for pregnant women.