Tereshchenko (Ukrainian: Терещенко; Russian: Терещенко) is a surname of Ukrainian origin.
It originates from the name Teresh (Ukrainian: Тереш) through an addition of the Ukrainian paternal suffix -enko.
The Tereshchenko family of the Russian Empire was a prominent dynasty of entrepreneurs, philanthropists and politicians of Ukrainian origin.
In emigration their surname has at times been rendered as Terestchenko.
Notable members include: