She is mentioned in historical sources already at the time when she was the wife of Godegisel, one of the rulers of the Burgundian kingdom at the end of the fifth century.
With the support of Bishop Dormitianus, Theudelinda, together with her relative Sedeleuba, built in and around Geneva several churches consecrated in honor of these saints.
It is assumed that the Arian Godegisel did so both to rally his subjects in anticipation of a possible military clash with his brother Gundobad and to strengthen his alliance with the King of the Franks, Clovis.
Gundobad also ordered the execution of the wife and children of Godegisel: Queen Theudelinda was drowned in the Rhone, and two sons (the older of them, perhaps, named Hilperic) beheaded and thrown into a well.
Only the two granddaughters of Theudelinda and Godegisel (probably daughters of Prince Hilperic) were spared because of their young age: Gunteka and Sedelevbeuda.