Texas's 37th congressional district of the United States House of Representatives was created as a result of the 2020 census.

[3] The district is contained predominantly in Travis County with a small portion of southern Williamson County, and consists of the majority of the city of Austin as well as small areas of its suburbs.

From 1903 to 2005, the Austin area had been covered solely by Texas's 10th congressional district, which initially covered all of Travis County and areas from surrounding counties, but which steadily shrank over time as Austin grew more populated.

From 2005, the Austin area was partitioned between several congressional districts, and the 10th's then-incumbent representative, Democrat Lloyd Doggett, was forced to move first to the 25th district from 2005–13 and then to the 35th district from 2013–23, both of which contained both a portion of Austin and an extensive area outside of it.

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