The Texas Almanac is a biennially published reference work providing information for the general public on the history of the US state of Texas and its people, government and politics, economics, natural resources, holidays, culture, education, recreation, the arts, and other topics.

Detailed information on each of the state's 254 counties is provided, along with analytical essays on a variety of topics unique to each edition; for example, topics in the 2006-2007 edition include the state's film industry and the history of Lebanese and Syrian immigration to Texas.

The Galveston News published the first edition in 1857, scarcely a decade after the Republic of Texas joined the United States.

During the Civil War years, the document consisted of a pamphlet of fewer than 70 pages, published in Houston (1862) or Austin (1863–65) due to Galveston's being blockaded by Union Army forces during that period.

Beginning in 1929 with the Great Depression, publication was switched to a biennial cycle; this change was not reflected in the title until the 1941-1942 edition.