It is endemic to central Texas, near Helotes, in Bexar County.

The Texas salamander grows from 2 to 4 in (5.1 to 10.2 cm) in length.

It is neotenic, with a slender body, short limbs, and bright-red external gills.

The Texas salamander lives in caves, which resulted in reduced vision in its eyes, due to the long period of time in darkness.

It is akin to the Texas blind salamander Eurycea rathbuni.