The straw underwing (Thalpophila matura) is a species of moth in the family Noctuidae.

The forewings are dark brown, often variegated with paler and reddish patches and usually with prominent whitish postterminal fascia.

The hindwings are very distinctive, pale straw coloured with a broad blackish band at the margin.

Forewing grey brown with darker dusting and suffusion; veins towards termen pale grey; a slight rufous tinge longitudinally along both folds, more conspicuous at the outer edge of reniform stigma; inner and outer lines black, conversely pale edged; the submarginal obscurely pale, indented on each fold, and preceded by a dark shade; the three stigmata black edged, their centres more or less tinged with rufous, the orbicular and reniform with an obscure pale ring; hindwing straw yellow with a broad fuscous terminal border, broadening at apex; in the form texta Esp.

[1] [2] This moth flies at night in July and August[1] and is attracted to light, sugar and various nectar-rich flowers.