A member of the RPF, Karugarama has played a role in the prosecution of crimes associated with the Rwandan genocide.
RANU later became known as RPF and it was one of the initial starting points for a movement that mobilized Rwandan refugees in Uganda to return to their homeland.
He was a defender of the Gacaca court system which was introduced to deal with those accused as a result of the Rwanda Genocide.
Karugarama noted that they did not have the resources to organise western style courts and the only alternative to the Gacaca system might have been for local communities to just take revenge.
[2] Internationally, he became well celebrated for opposing a proposed bill to criminalize homosexual acts, saying that sexual orientation is a private matter, not a state business.