The Judgement of Solomon is a 1742 painting of the Judgement of Solomon by the French painter Jean-François de Troy, produced in Rome as part of a commission from cardinal Pierre Guérin de Tencin for his archepiscopal palace in Lyon.

[1] The scene takes place in the palace of King Solomon as evidenced by the columns that we perceive in the background.

The painting is cut diagonally, highlighting the figures of the executioner, the two women and the newborn babies in the foreground.

The executioner, his arm outstretched, firmly holds a knife in his right hand while looking at the king, as if awaiting his order of execution.

The first woman in the red dress appears pleading and points to the dead child lying at her feet.