The Judgment of Caesar is a historical novel by American author Steven Saylor, first published by St. Martin's Press in 2004.

It is the tenth book in his Roma Sub Rosa series of mystery stories set in the final decades of the Roman Republic.

Caesar has defeated his rival Pompey at Pharsalos and is pursuing him towards Egypt, where king Ptolemy XIII and his sister and wife Cleopatra are struggling for power.

At the same time Gordianus the Finder is traveling to Egypt with his ailing Egyptian wife, Bethesda.

This article about a historical novel of the 2000s set in ancient Rome is a stub.