Red Arrows

[2] The badge of the Red Arrows shows the aircraft in their trademark diamond nine formation, with the motto Éclat, a French word meaning "brilliance" or "excellence".

The four published roles of the Red Arrows are: Initially, they were equipped with seven Folland Gnat trainers inherited from the RAF Yellowjacks display team.

[3] The team is currently and publicly celebrating their 60th Diamond Season in 2024, with an anniversary decal applied to the fuselage and fin, as well as a special 'anniversary break' manoeuvre being included in the display.

32 Squadron RAF flew an air display six nights a week entitled "London Defended" at the British Empire Exhibition.

The display involved firing blank ammunition into the stadium crowds and dropping pyrotechnics from the aeroplanes to simulate shrapnel from guns on the ground.

One of the pilots in the display was Flying Officer C. W. A. Scott, who later became famous for breaking three England–Australia solo flight records and winning the MacRobertson Air Race with co-pilot Tom Campbell Black in 1934.

In 1964, the Red Pelicans, flying six BAC Jet Provost T Mk 4s, assumed the role of the RAF's leading display team.

In 1964, all the RAF display teams were amalgamated, as it was feared pilots were spending too much time practising formation aerobatics rather than operational training.

[1] The first team, led by Flight Lieutenant Lee Jones, had seven display pilots and flew the Folland Gnat T1 jet trainer.

By the end of their first season, the Red Arrows had displayed 65 times in Britain, France, Italy, the Netherlands, Germany, and Belgium and were awarded the Britannia Trophy by the Royal Aero Club for their contribution to aviation.

[10] For his considerable achievements of airmanship with the team, Ray Hanna was awarded a bar to his existing Air Force Cross.

[12] The Arrows were not disbanded and their expense has been justified through their public relations benefit of helping to develop business in the defence industry and promoting recruitment for the RAF.

On 20 May 2008, months of speculation were ended when it was revealed that the Ministry of Defence (MoD) were moving the Red Arrows to nearby RAF Waddington.

In December 2021, Chief of the Air Staff Mike Wigston ordered an RAF inquiry into the Red Arrows, which The Times later reported related to allegations of bullying, misogyny, sexual harassment and drunkenness.

[27] A further formal investigation into the command, leadership, and management of the squadron was conducted in 2023, and redacted versions of both reports were published on 1 November 2023.

Chief of the Air Staff Sir Richard Knighton apologised and stated "I was appalled when I read the investigations' findings" and that few serving at that time were still in the squadron and he had confidence in the current command.

[28][29][30] Four of the victims who made formal complainants subsequently criticised the inquiry in a Sky News documentary, and stated that the RAF had falsely told a parliamentary committee that the sexism allegations did not meet a criminal threshold.

The 'Boss', as he is known to the rest of the team, is always a pilot who has previously completed a three-year tour with the Red Arrows, often (although not always) including a season as the leader of the Synchro Pair.

[39] Flt Lt Moore was not the first female to apply to become a Red Arrow, but was the first to be taken forward to the intense final selection process.

Each member of the Circus works with the same pilot for the duration of the season and is responsible for servicing and refuelling their aircraft and preparing their flying kit prior to each display.

Circus members fly in the back seats of the jets during transit flight to ensure ground support at any location where the team lands.

Two specialist engineering "Dye" Teams also support the Red Arrows when moving around the UK, or overseas, deploying with a 'smoke rig' to strategic locations in order to replenish the smoke pod.

In late March 1982 it was announced that the 567-acre Bitteswell site would close in 1983, due to widespread defence cuts, one week before the Falklands war.

As a consequence of this, Red 8 also dropped out of the display team to enable an odd number of aircraft to perform and thus maintain formation symmetry.

[50] In 2014, The Red Arrows celebrated 50 years of Aerobatic history as a display team returning to RAF Fairford for the Royal International Air Tattoo (RIAT).

For the entirety of the 2014 display season, the aircraft carried special 50th Anniversary markings on their tails instead of just the red, white and blue stripes.

They performed flypasts or displays in Karachi in Pakistan; Hindon and Hyderabad in India; Dhaka in Bangladesh; Singapore; Kuala Lumpur in Malaysia; Danang in Vietnam; Beijing, Shanghai, Wuhan, Guangzhou, Hong Kong and Zhuhai in China; Muscat in Oman; Manama in Bahrain; Abu Dhabi and Kuwait.

[53] On 2 June 2022 Trooping the Colour, as part of Platinum Jubilee of Elizabeth II, closed with the Queen and Royal Family observing a flypast from the balcony of Buckingham Palace.

[55] On 2 June 2022 Trooping the Colour, as part of Platinum Jubilee of Elizabeth II, closed with the Queen and Royal Family observing a flypast from the balcony of Buckingham Palace.

[60] In 2021, the MoD asked the civil sector to help develop an environmentally friendly smoke system for the team's aircraft.

The RAF Red Arrows depart the 2014 Royal International Air Tattoo , England , in a colour scheme that commemorates their 50th year.
"London Defended" 1925 Official Programme
Gnat T.1s on the flightline at RAF Kemble in 1973
Hawk T.1s on the flightline at RAF Mildenhall in 1985
Red Arrows perform a manoeuvre called the "Spaghetti Break" over RAF Scampton, September 2015
The pilots line up for an official photo after their display in June 2004
A Hawk T1A of the Red Arrows with new 2015 colour scheme
The Red Arrows in formation with two Supermarine Spitfires at RIAT 2005
The Red Arrows in Apollo formation, 2010
Red 6 with the 50th anniversary tail markings
The Red Arrows over Kuwait City
Red Arrows with red and blue smoke, in April 2016 at Tanagra Air Base in Greece
Stone base with three gently twisting steel trails rising upwards, each topped with a red glass aircraft
Memorial to Flt Lt John Egging at East Cliff, Bournemouth