It is endemic to central Vietnam and currently only known from Ngọc Linh Nature Reserve in the Kon Tum Province.

The snout is bluntly truncate in dorsal view but rounded in profile.

[2] Theloderma nebulosum has been found in high-elevation montane evergreen and bamboo forest at elevations of about 1,950–2,000 m (6,400–6,560 ft) above sea level.

The tadpoles were found inside a small water-filled tree hollow some 1 m above the ground.

This probably reflects the arboreal habits, small size, and cryptic colouration of the species, as well as limited survey effort in the area.