Theodoros Orphanides or Orphanidis (Greek: Θεόδωρος Ορφανίδης; 1817 – 5 August 1886) was a poet, professor, politician, author, and botanist.

While he lived in Athens he began to show an interest in writing political satire.

Regrettably, because he was constantly criticizing the King of Greece in his political satire he was fired from the ministry and was sentenced to 3 days in jail.

In 1842, he wrote a poem entitled The First Martyr Rigas and the Greek Revolution (Ο Πρωτομάρτυς Ρήγας και η Ελληνική Επανάστασις).

He studied at the prestigious botanical garden of the National Museum of Natural History it was converted into a special academic research facility after the French Revolution.

It housed the Royal Garden of Medicinal Plants created by King Louis XIII in 1635.

Theodoro's professors at the institution were Adrien-Henri de Jussieu, Adolphe-Théodore Brongniart, Joseph Decaisne and Achille Richard.

Dimitrios Stroumpos and Ioannis Papadakis were some of the other professors dragged into Greece's political issues.

The university faculty and government created an alliance that led to the departure of world-renowned astronomer Georgios Konstantinos Vouris.

[9][10] Theodore was also the superintendent of the botanical garden and the state arboretum, he introduced ornamental plants and he was actively involved in the design and creation of urban public parks.

[11] After his death in 1886, Theodor von Heldreich distributed an exsiccata-like specimen series under the title "Reliquiae Orphanideae curante Th.

Thirty pages of the speech were taxonomic tables where the classes, orders, and species of the Greek flora were described.

He noted that most of his work from touring the Greek countryside was used by world-renowned Swiss botanist Pierre Edmond Boissier in his publication.

Theodore explained that Theophrastus was the father of botany but he also made reference to the modern advancements of Georges Cuvier and Carl Linnaeus.