Theophilus Parsons (February 24, 1750 – October 30, 1813) was an American jurist based in Massachusetts.

He graduated in 1769, was a schoolmaster in Falmouth (now Portland, Maine) from 1770 to 1773; he studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1774.

[1] Parsons served as chief justice of the Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts from 1806 until his death in Boston in 1813.

[5] According to tradition, he was the author of the famous Conciliatory Resolutions, or proposed amendments to the constitution, which did much to win over Samuel Adams and John Hancock to ratification.

His son, also named Theophilus Parsons (1797–1882), was an author and a professor at Harvard.