Thomas-Marie-Joseph Gousset (born at Montigny-lès-Cherlieu, a village of Franche-Comté, in 1792; died at Reims in 1866) was a French cardinal and theologian.

Ordained priest in 1817, he was a curate for several months, and was then charged with teaching moraI theology at the Grand Séminaire of Besançon.

It was then he re-edited with accompanying notes and dissertations the Conférences d'Angers (26 vols., 1823), and the Dictionnaire théologique of Bergier (1826), of which he published another edition in 1843.

From these years of his professorship date his clear exposition of the "Doctrine de l' Eglise sur le prêt à intérêt" (1825), "Le Code civil commenté dans ses rapports avec la théologie morale" (1827), and "Justification de la théologie du P. Liguori" (1829).

At this date he was named Bishop of Périgueux, and in the following year he presented to Abel-François Villemain his "Observations sur la liberté d'enseignement", a protest against the monopoly of the university.