Thomas Adiel Sherwood (June 2, 1834 – November 22, 1918) was a justice of the Missouri Supreme Court from 1873 to 1902.

[1] His family claimed to come from an old English ancestry, originating in Nottinghamshire, Sherwood Forest, England, and leaving England for Connecticut in the late 1600s,[2] but in 1951 the genealogist Donald Lines Jacobus pointed out that no historical evidence exists for this claim.

[2] Sherwood was elected to the supreme court in 1872, for a term or ten years, under an amendment of the constitution adopted in 1865.

Sherwood was also named chief justice, because he was the oldest in commission at the time the act went into force.

He ceased to be the oldest in commission on January 1, 1883, when Judge Warwick Hough became chief justice.