Sir Thomas Richard Fraser FRS FRSE (5 February 1841 – 4 January 1920) was a British physician and pharmacologist.

He was born in Calcutta in India on 5 February 1841, the second son of Mary Palmer and John Richard Fraser, Indian civil servant.

[4] Fraser attended the University of Edinburgh Medical School and graduated with an MD[5] and gold medal in 1862.

This had been discovered by Sir Robert Christison in 1846 but its suggested uses were largely as a humane killing mechanism rather than as a medical tool.

He was knighted in the 1902 Coronation Honours for his work on the Indian Plague Commission,[11][6] receiving the accolade from King Edward VII at Buckingham Palace on 24 October 1902.