Writing for the majority, Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg issued an opinion finding that such decisions were not judicially reviewable.

Justices Neil Gorsuch and Sonia Sotomayor dissented from the majority's ruling, arguing that neither Congress or the Constitution authorized a lack of judicial review of such decisions.

Following protected litigation that involved challenges to the validity of the '836 patent, the parties settled their claims and jointly dismissed the lawsuit.

The Patent Office rejected this argument, finding that, because the 2001 lawsuit had been voluntarily dismissed, Section 315(b) did not serve as a bar to inter partes review.

Justice Ginsburg's opinion rested heavily on the Court's 2016 decision in Cuozzo Speed Technologies, LLC v. Lee, which had upheld the constitutionality of inter partes review generally and the validity of Section 314(d) specifically.