Inbound trains pass through the station, travel south to complete a counterclockwise loop around central Tokyo, and terminate at Tochōmae.

Outbound trains do the opposite, departing northbound from Tochōmae, traveling clockwise and eventually passing through the station again on the way out.

Tochōmae Station is served by the Toei Ōedo Line, and is numbered "E-28".

The station consists of two island platforms on the 3rd basement ("3BF") level, serving four tracks.

The station was constructed using the cut-and-cover method, with a three-level underground structure, a construction length of 443 m, an average excavation width of 32.7 m (20.2 m - 36.4 m), an average excavation depth of 21.8 m (20.6 m - 28.7 m), a road surface covering of 14,500m2, and an excavated soil volume of 284,000m3, making it a large-scale project.