Toe pecking

[3] Studies have shown that hens exposed to toe pecking have significantly enlarged adrenal glands, indicating increased physiological stress.

[4] They have also been reported to show depressive behaviour (retreating to corner of the pen, not eating and losing weight) when afflicted by toe-pecking.

Some mainstream theories include; Addressing these issues and providing viable solutions is an important part of the animals welfare.

High energy and low fiber diets cause chickens to have increased activity levels and aggression, this may lead to toe-pecking and other pecking behaviours.

Identification of this issue is the first step and having preventative measures in place are important to control and manage this cannibalistic behaviour should it arise.

Chickens kept in captivity are more likely to engage in abnormal behaviours such as toe pecking.