Despite the production of export crops the province recorded the highest rural poverty.

[7][8] The commercially valuable softwood tree Givotia madagascariensis, found in Antananarivo and Toliara provinces was endemic to Madagascar.

[9] The oil producing plant moringa drouhardii was endemic to Toliara province.

The peasants refused to pay taxes and the government retaliated by dissolving MONIMA and deporting Joana.

[19] Toliara Province was divided into four regions of Madagascar - Androy, Anosy, Atsimo Andrefana and Menabe.