Born in Flers, Orne, Chapron took up refereeing in 1996 in conjunction with his job as an educational advisor.

[1] In 2007, a flare thrown by fans at a match between Lyon and Saint-Étienne resulted in police firing tear gas into the crowd, and Chapron ordered the players to retreat to the changing rooms for 20 minutes.

He refereed two more UEFA Cup matches in the 2008–09 season, including the Round of 32 second leg between Hamburg and NEC.

[6] On 14 January 2018, during a Ligue 1 match between FC Nantes and Paris Saint-Germain, Chapron attempted to kick Nantes player, Diego Carlos, following an inadvertent collision, tripping Chapron, before sending him off for a second yellow card.

[7] The next day, Chapron was suspended by the FFF[8] and called to meet a disciplinary committee following the incident.