Toni Sender

[1] She was active in left-wing German politics in the World War I and Interwar periods before fleeing Germany once the Nazis took power.

In exile, she campaigned against the Nazis and for aiding refugees, going on to work for the Office of Strategic Services, the United Nations, and several labor unions.

[4] She joined the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) in 1910, but shortly left to work for the Paris branch of a German metal firm.

[5] So when she was invited to work in Frankfurt for the metal company which had previously employed her before the war, she readily accepted – although this too involved war-work, as did virtually all jobs in war-time Germany.

Sender decided to compartmentalise her life, seeing it as a matter of honour not to disclose secrets discovered at work to her political colleagues.

When Max Quarck, the sitting SPD member of the Reichstag, addressed a meeting in favour of the war credits, Sender spoke against him.

[5] Dissman decided to set up the anti-war minority through establishing a local section of the National Federation of Proletarian Thinkers as a front organisation.

[5] She was the only female member of the Frankfurt Workers' and Soldiers' Council,[6] speaking publicly in favor of the Revolution and mediating conflicts, some violent.

She also lead the Board of Aldermen of Frankfurt am Main, a typically conservative organization, as a voice for the Revolution within the basic governance of the city.

[4] She continued to serve as a Reichstag deputy until 1933, and from 1927 as editor of the Frauenwelt, taking a particular interest in issues involving trade and tariffs.

Sender speaking with fellow reichstag deputy Paul Löbe c. 1920s
Sender's monthly pass for the Long Island Rail Road , 1950