Town privileges

Judicially, a borough (or burgh) was distinguished from the countryside by means of a charter from the ruling monarch that defined its privileges and laws.

[2][3][4] Common privileges involved trade (marketplace, the storing of goods, etc.)

Some of these privileges were permanent and could imply that the town obtained the right to be called a borough, hence the term "borough rights" (German: Stadtrecht; Dutch: stadsrechten).

[1][2] Multiple tiers existed; for example, in Sweden, the basic royal charter establishing a borough enabled trade, but not foreign trade, which required a higher-tier charter granting staple right.

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The borough charter of Flensburg (1284)
Medieval square in Spišská Sobota , Slovakia (now in Poprad ). The former name of the town literally means "Saturday in Spiš " and it is derived from a day of week in which the town was granted a right to organize a market.