Toxicology testing

Stages of in silico, in vitro and in vivo research are conducted to determine safe exposure doses in model organisms.

Toxicology testing may be conducted by the pharmaceutical industry, biotechnology companies, contract research organizations, or environmental scientists.

The study of poisons and toxic substances has a long history dating back to ancient times, when humans recognized the dangers posed by various natural compounds.

[3] Toxicity tests examine finished products such as pesticides, medications, cosmetics, food additives such as artificial sweeteners, packing materials, and air freshener, or their chemical ingredients.

The substances are tested using a variety of methods including dermal application, respiration, orally, injected or in water sources.

[5] In the United States, toxicology tests are subject to Good Laboratory Practice guidelines and other Food and Drug Administration laws.