Historically, the city of Barcelona, in the Spanish autonomous community of Catalonia, had a large tramway network.

In the early 1960s, a fleet of 101 PCC cars were purchased second-hand from the United States city of Washington and, after modification, placed in service in Barcelona.

[1] Towards the end of the 1980s a number of new tramways were opened in other European cities, and Barcelona started to consider the possibility of building new lines.

[1] The tests were successful, and the decision was made to build two new tram systems, both operating on parts of the Diagonal, although not interconnected.

[1][4][5] On 7 June 1926, architect Antoni Gaudí was struck by a passing number 30 tram of Les Tramways de Barcelone and lost consciousness.

The Tramvia Blau is a 1.3 km (0.81 mi) long heritage streetcar line serving a hilly area of the Sarrià-Sant Gervasi district.

[8] The Trambaix is a light rail (tram) system connecting the Baix Llobregat area with the city of Barcelona.