TransUnion LLC v. Ramirez, 594 U.S. 413 (2021), was a United States Court case dealing with standing under Article III of the Constitution related to class-action suits against private defendants.

Using the credit rating agency TransUnion, his name was checked not only against financial databases but alongside a list maintained by the federal Treasury Department's Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) of known terrorists and other known criminals that would be illegal to conduct business with.

[citation needed] Ramirez filed suit against TransUnion in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California in 2012, asserting that TransUnion's means of using simple name matching to the OFAC list violated the Fair Credit Reporting Act, which was created to allow victims of false credit reporting to seek remedies.

Ramirez sought and obtained class-action status for his suit, with 8,184 other individuals that similarly had been matched against the OFAC list due to sharing a name and who had been notified by TransUnion.

[2] However, Kagan stated that the Supreme Court had previously concluded in Spokeo, Inc. v. Robins that one must show specific harm to have standing, though in practice, the situation would still resolve in the same manner as Thomas outlined.