Transarmament (closely related to civilian-based defense) is the partial or total replacement of armed forces with the physical and social infrastructure to support nonviolent resistance.
"[1] Unlike disarmament, "transarmament always involves the replacement of one means to provide defense with another" instead of the "simple reduction or abandonment of military capacity.
"[1] The term "transarmament" appears to have been introduced in 1937 in a pamphlet by Kenneth Boulding.
[1][2] According to Adam Roberts, "Transarmament" has later been used—for example, by Johan Galtung—as a technical term to describe a shift in military strategy.
[4][5] Galtung advocates precise weapons with limited range and destructive effects.