Transportation in Metro Manila
In some areas, especially in Divisoria and large public markets, two-stroke motors are fitted in the pedicabs and are used for goods transport.
[4] In recent years, however, the Philippine government has been pushing to improve the mass transit system through various infrastructure projects,[5] hoping to solve the interlinked problems of transportation, land use and environment.
The only major thoroughfare in Metro Manila not included in the arterial road system is Dr. Arcadio Santos Avenue (formerly Sucat Road) in Parañaque, designated as Highway N63 Expressways are controlled-access highways, with crossing traffic limited to overpasses, underpasses, and interchanges.
Connecting the two is the Skyway, an elevated expressway that runs through the metropolis by going above the existing alignment of major thoroughfares in the region.
The oversupply of public utility vehicles as well as redundant and overlapping transport routes have also led to severe road congestions.
[9] This meant that buses were the bane of Metro Manila's congested roads due to their numbers, their sheer physical size, and the methods of bus drivers and conductors of loading and unloading passengers.
The EDSA Carousel line, which starts from Monumento in Caloocan and ends at Parañaque Integrated Terminal Exchange (PITX), contains elements of a BRT system.
In 2000, jeepneys and tricycles topped all modes of travel in Metro Manila at 46%, before light rail became popular, followed by buses at 24% and private vehicles at 21%.
[20] The Public Utility Vehicle Modernization Program was formally launched in 2017, beginning the gradual phaseout of old jeepneys.
As part of the PUV modernization program, all new and existing vehicles must be fitted with a tap card system which allows commuters to pay for their trip.
The network makes up the majority of active railways in the country and bear the brunt of providing the metropolis with rail as a faster alternative mode of transport other than buses and jeepneys.
[3] While early rail systems have been operating in the region since 1883, the development of mass transit had its inception in the 1970 when the Philippine National Railways offered among its services the first Metro Commuter line.
The airport is located between Pasay and Parañaque, about seven kilometers south of Manila city proper and southwest of Makati.
It is managed by the Manila International Airport Authority (MIAA), an attached agency of the Department of Transportation (DOTr).
[34][35] In June 2014, JICA formally recommended the construction of a new airport in the vicinity of Sangley Point, Cavite City to replace the space-constricted NAIA.
In July 2019, the Swiss challenge period ended with no rival bids, and in September 2019 was given the Notice to Proceed from the Department of Transportation to build, operate and maintain New Manila International Airport.
