Trichinopoly District

It covered the present-day districts of Tiruchirappalli, Karur, Ariyalur and Perambalur in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu.

[citation needed] The town of Uraiyur, the capital of the Early Cholas, was a part of Trichinopoly district.

The region was annexed to Madras Presidency in the late 18th century and a separate district was created in 1801.

Stone Age implements discovered in Trichinopoly district indicate that it might have been inhabited as early as the 3rd millennium BC.

[citation needed] During the Sangam Age, Trichinopoly was the site of Uraiyur, the Early Chola capital.

At about the same time, the western part of the district was under the rule of the Cheras under whom Musiri flourished as an important riverine port indulging in trade with Rome and Egypt.

After the Madurai Nayak kingdom fell in 1736, Trichinopoly was occupied for short periods by Chanda Sahib of the Carnatic, the Thanjavur Marathas (see siege of Trichinopoly), the French East India Company and Tipu Sultan of Mysore before it was finally conquered by the British East India Company and made a district of Madras Presidency in 1801.

Trichinopoly was also an important silk-weaving centre while cotton clothes were manufactured at Karur, Udaiyarpalaiyam and Perambalur.