The prefix tricho- originates from the Ancient Greek word θρίξ (thrix) meaning hair, describing Trichomonas’s flagella.

The suffix -monas (μονάς – single unit), describes its similarity to unicellular organisms from the genus Monas.

[3][5][6] Depending on the Trichomonas species, it can either be transmitted through direct sexual contact or through contaminated water sources.

A flagellum that extends to the posterior end of the organism is attached to the outer edge of the undulating membrane.

At the base of the undulating membrane is a striated fiber called the costa which is thought to exist for structural support.

Through whole-genome shotgun sequencing, the Trichomonas vaginalis genome is estimated to be around 160 Mb long, divided into six chromosomes.

The redundant genetic material is hypothesized to have emerged during Trichomonas's transition from aerobic to anaerobic environments.

[12] In addition to discovering the large proportion of repetitive DNA in Trichomonas vaginalis genome, the sequenced genes were also characterized.

[7][6] In its trophozoite form, Trichomonas undergoes cell division through an interesting process called cryptopleuromitosis.

In closed mitosis, the nuclear envelope does not disappear but mitotic spindles appear within the nucleus to separate the chromosomes.

It creates lesions in the trachea and esophagus, occupying space and eventually causing emaciation and asphyxiation.