In 1963 the province was split into: Tripolitania is Libya's most populous region (compared to Fezzan and Cyrenaica).

Libya's overall population, however, has grown at a rate slightly greater.

Because of this, the percentage of Libya's population living within Tripolitania has decreased.

Communities of Berber-speakers lives in the Jebel Nafusa region, the town of Zuwara on the coast and the city-oases of Ghadames.

The region that was Tripolitania is now composed of several smaller baladiyat or sha'biyat.