Tritylodon (from the Greek for "three-cusped tooth") is an extinct genus of tritylodonts, one of the most advanced group of cynodont therapsids.

The legs were directly beneath the body like mammals, unlike the earlier therapsids with sprawling limbs.

Like most non-placental mammalimorphs, it had epipubic bones, aiding in its erect gait but preventing the expansion of the abdomen, making it unable to go through prolonged pregnancy and instead give birth to larval young like modern marsupials and monotremes.

[3] The Tritylodons' habitat was limited to the forests of South Africa When the species originated, about 200 million years ago, the African area was drier and hotter.

They have been found in floodplain deposits of the Lower Jurassic Elliot Formation (upper Karoo Supergroup).

Below is a cladogram from Ruta, Botha-Brink, Mitchell and Benton (2013) showing one hypothesis of cynodont relationships:[7] †Charassognathus †Dvinia †Procynosuchus †Cynosaurus †Galesaurus †Progalesaurus †Nanictosaurus †Thrinaxodon †Platycraniellus †Cynognathia → Probainognathia → †Cynognathus †Diademodon †Beishanodon †Sinognathus †Trirachodon †Cricodon †Langbergia †Andescynodon †Pascualgnathus †Scalenodon †Luangwa †Traversodon †"Scalenodon" attridgei †Mandagomphodon †Nanogomphodon †Arctotraversodon †Boreogomphodon †Massetognathus †Dadadon †Santacruzodon †Menadon †Gomphodontosuchus †Protuberum †Exaeretodon †Scalenodontoides †Lumkuia †Ecteninion †Aleodon †Chiniquodon †Probainognathus †Trucidocynodon †Therioherpeton †Riograndia †Chaliminia †Elliotherium †Diarthrognathus †Pachygenelus †Brasilitherium †Brasilodon †Oligokyphus †Kayentatherium †Tritylodon †Beinotherium Mammalia †Sinoconodon †Morganucodon