[3] Located in the southeastern corner of the county along the Ohio River, it borders the following townships: Wood County, West Virginia lies across the Ohio River to the southeast.

The village of Coolville is located in central Troy Township, and the unincorporated community of Hockingport lies along the Ohio River shoreline.

[4] In 1833, Troy Township contained several stores and mills.

[5] The township is governed by a three-member board of trustees, who are elected in November of odd-numbered years to a four-year term beginning on the following January 1.

There is also an elected township fiscal officer,[6] who serves a four-year term beginning on April 1 of the year after the election, which is held in November of the year before the presidential election.