[3] According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 43.6 square miles (113.0 km2), all land.

As of the census[1] of 2000, there were 318 people, 110 households, and 94 families residing in the township.

11.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 4.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.

Troy Township is located in Minnesota's 1st congressional district, represented by Jim Hagedorn a Republican.

At the state level, Troy Township is located in Senate District 22, represented by Republican Bill Weber, and in House District 22A, represented by Republican Joe Schomacker.